Lead ball screw (or lead screw) is a type of mechanical linear actuator that converts rotational motion to linear motion. It consists of a threaded rod (screw) and a nut with ball bearings that run along the thread. The lead refers to the distance the nut travels per revolution of the screw. The ball bearings reduce friction and allow for smoother and more precise movement. Lead ball screws are commonly used in CNC machines, robotics, and other industrial applications where precise positioning is required.